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Summary: Sight Words and Dolch Words are the problem, not the answer.
An intellectual virus called Whole Word infected our public schools starting around 1932. The result, to date, is 50 million functional illiterates.
Whole Word was also known as Look-Say, Sight Words, Dolch Words, Whole Language, and several other terms which all mean the same thing. Children are supposed to memorize the SHAPES of words, as opposed to recognizing letters and sounds.
Any thoughtful person could [url=http://www.shewyne.com/woolrichoutlet.html]woolrich outlet[/url] detect immediately that Whole Word was a hoax and could not possibly work. Here, briefly, are the three main reasons:
One is the sheer volume of English words. Just thumb through a dictionary. Imagine you have to memorize all the words [url=http://www.gotprintsigns.com/abercrombiepascher/‎]abercrombie soldes[/url] in the dictionary, or even the more common ones. You're still dealing with tens of thousands of designs. Only exceptional memories can retain more than a few thousand designs. (Even this wholly inadequate number would require many years of intense effort and discipline.)
Second, ideographic languages like Chinese and Korean create symbols that appear in only one unchanging form. English words, however, appear in lower case, UPPER CASE, italic, handwriting, and in many odd typefaces. Just look at one page in your daily paper; you can probably find "the" rendered in dozens of variations. Even if a child could memorize designs such as "digital," "quarterback" and "hamburger," would he recognize these very different designs, "DIGITAL" "QUARTERBACK" and "HAMBURGER"? Now write the words in your own handwriting. Would he recognize those design? Repeat this exercise with thousands of words. (Many anecdotes are told about kids who memorize a word in a list but don't recognize the SAME word in a story.)
Third is automaticity. The educators pushing Whole Word talk in glowing terms about how children learn to recognize words instantly and effortlessly. That feat is called automaticity. We hear that children "should recognize words with automaticity." This surreal construction is very much like saying "We should have an extra million dollars in the bank." Yes, that would be [url=http://team-ckfr.net/index.php?file=Guestbook]giuseppe zanotti Buy a Good Knife Set - Anolon Knives -[/url] very nice. But [url=http://www.fayatindia.com/giuseppe-zanotti.html]giuseppe zanotti pas cher[/url] how often does it happen? In practice, automatic recall of word after word puts extraordinary demands on the memory. Just think how hard it is to recall a dozen phone numbers. Except for regularly-used words, automaticity is probably uncommon.
So, there are the three fatal obstacles to Whole Word. 1) Far too many words. 2) [url=http://www.mnfruit.com/airjordan.php]jordan[/url] Far too many design-variations of ostensibly the same word. 3) Far too much rapid-fire work for the brain; but [url=http://www.gotprintsigns.com/abercrombiepascher/‎]abercrombie pas cher[/url] without automaticity you don't have reading, you have hesitation and stammering delays.
The first two obstacles are clear-cut enough. Automaticity is more technical; and the experts tend to spin fantasies about it. So let's take a closer look at the mirage called automaticity.
In fact, automaticity is easy to test. Here's a simple experiment. Suppose you have a family reunion; and your hundred best-known people are there. You've known all [url=http://www.jeremyparendt.com/Barbour-Paris.php]barbour france paris[/url] the names for years.
But can you walk among these people and name them at a steady pace, so that you identify them all in under two minutes? Probably you'll find that memory is fickle. Names you've known for ten years will suddenly vanish...for seconds...or for minutes. This shows the essential flaw in automaticity.
Meanwhile, let's type the 100 names on a piece of paper. You'll easily be able to read the list silently in under a minute, and aloud in about 1.5 minutes. Always, without hesitations or lapses. And therein lies the difference between phonetic (real) reading and Whole Word (fake) reading.
The point of this comparison is to show that automaticity (and thus Whole Word) is an impossibility. Any professor worth his Ph.D. could design an experiment to test this but they never did. What you often see on the Internet is tests of people's [url=http://www.shewyne.com/peutereyoutlet.html]peuterey outlet[/url] response times to individual words--said to be about a quarter of a second (still slow for reading purposes). But the real question, never addressed, is whether people can keep up that pace--for example, naming 100 sight-words in 25 seconds. Whole Word readers typically cannot. They read slowly, with great effort and anxiety.
Now suppose we tell you that you have to add 500 more people to your list, 500 more designs that you have to recognize with automaticity. That's basically what public schools using Dolch Words tell their kids in second and third grades. 100 is only a beginning. At this point, many [url=http://www.rtnagel.com/airjordan.php]jordan pas cher[/url] children decide: "You're crazy! I give up!"
Of course, even if you manage to do what is asked, you'll still be illiterate. As noted, English is a vast language, and 50,000 is a minimum for a college student.
So, taking children down the road marked Whole Word does several bad things: semiliteracy is almost guaranteed; all other parts of a child's education are stunted for many years; learning to read phonetically is rendered more difficult; and adverse side-effects like dyslexia are likely.
Meanwhile, [url=http://www.lcdmo.com/hollister.php]hollister france[/url] it's phonics that in practice does produce automaticity for almost everyone! Amazing but true. Just watch yourself read.
When most of us reflect on Bernie Madoff's criminal career, the first thing we wonder is how could he get away with it? But remember he's moving in a [url=http://www.rtnagel.com/louboutin.php]louboutin[/url] very exclusive, hidden world: just a few rich people talking to a few rich people. But the Education Establishment pulled off Whole Word for 75 years, and still counting, in plain view of the entire country. Many people wrote books [url=http://www.moncleroutletosterblade.com]moncler outlet[/url] about this crime; everyone was talking about the Reading Wars. But the ideologues pushing this obvious nonsense soldiered on, perpetrating what I think must be called the Crime of the Century. Destroying reading was a direct way to subvert education generally. Whole Word was genius if the goal was to weaken the US.
(For further explanation of why Whole Word was [url=http://bbs.jquerychina.com/thread-7246-1-1.html]giuseppe zanotti pas cher Stretch Mark Treatment Options - written by Arnold Dav[/url] a failure, see "42: Reading Resources" on Improve-Education.org.)
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Why Whole Word Was Always Self-Evident NonsenseArticle Summary: Summary: Sight Words and Dolch Words are the problem, not the answerAn intellectual virus called Whole Word infected our public schools starting around 1932
Bruce Deitrick Price is the founder of Improve-Education.org, an outspoken education and intellectual site. One focus is reading; see "42: Reading Resources." [url=http://www.qxzz.org/wygkcn_GuestBook.asp]abercrombi[/url] Another focus is education reform; see "38: Saving Public Schools." Price is an author, artist and poet. His fifth book [url=http://www.lcdmo.com/hollister.php]hollister pas cher[/url] is "THE EDUCATION ENIGMA--What Happened to American Education."
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